History:

  1. Midazolam, also known by the brand name Versed, is a benzodiazepine medication used.

  • Anesthesia
  • Procedural sedation
  • Treating severe agitation
  • Treating seizures

Midazolam was first synthesized in the mid-1970s by American researchers Armin Walser and Rodney Fryer at Hoffmann-La Roche, patented in 1976 and approved by the FDA in 1985.


Midazolam is used for various medical purposes, including.


  1. Anesthesia:
    • Induction and maintenance of anesthesia
    • Sedation for surgical and medical procedures
  2. Procedural sedation:
    • Endoscopy, colonoscopy, and other minor procedures
    • Reduces anxiety and discomfort
  3. Intensive care:
    • Sedation for mechanically ventilated patients
    • Reduces anxiety and agitation
  4. Seizure control:
    • Treats seizures and status epilepticus
  5. Palliative care:
    • Relieves anxiety and agitation in terminally ill patients
  6. Dental procedures:
    • Sedation for dental procedures, especially for anxious patients
  7. Emergency medicine:
    • Treats acute anxiety and agitation
    • Used in rapid sequence intubation (RSI)
  8. Pediatric sedation:
    • Used for sedation in children undergoing medical procedures
Midazolam is available in various formulations, including oral tablets, injectable solutions, and rectal gels. It's important to use midazolam only under the guidance of a healthcare professional due to its potential for respiratory depression and other adverse effects.


Midazolam use in Side Effect:
Midazolam can cause several side effects, including:
Common side effects:
  1. Drowsiness
  2. Confusion
  3. Dizziness
  4. Weakness
  5. Headache
  6. Nausea and vomiting
  7. Pain at injection site
  8. Agitation
  9. Anxiety
  10. Hallucinations

Less common side effects:
  1. Respiratory depression
  2. Apnea
  3. Hypotension
  4. Tachycardia
  5. Cardiac arrest
  6. Seizures
  7. Allergic reactions
  8. Jaundice
  9. Hypersalivation
  10. Urinary retention

Rare but serious side effects:
  1. Anaphylaxis
  2. Coma
  3. Brain damage
  4. Death

Long-term use side effects:

  1. Physical dependence
  2. Addiction
  3. Withdrawal symptoms
  4. Cognitive impairment
  5. Memory problems
It's important to note that midazolam can cause respiratory depression, especially in patients with chronic respiratory disease or those taking other CNS depressants. Healthcare professionals should closely monitor patients for signs of respiratory depression and other adverse effects.